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On a technical layer, Proof of Authority performs block validation in a similar heuristic manner as Proof of Stake. However, whereas Proof of Stake assigns a validator's queue and importance based the amount of tokens staked by a validator, a Proof of Authority validator's queue arbitrarily predetermined based on their identity and repupation.
This method of block validation addresses the issue of speed and scalability with the drawback of higher centralization as opposed to Proof of Stake or Proof of Work.
Initial Public Offering (IPO) refers to the process where a public company offers newly issued shares to the public and as a result raise capital from public investors.
